Dying for Sleep - 1903 Words

The poems To Sleep by John Keats and The Pains of Sleep by Samuel Taylor Coleridge appear to discuss the joy and agony in sleeping; however, the poetry reveals a deeper meaning than sleep alone with insight into events in the individual poets’ life. Poetry is unique, every reader may have a different interpretation than the previous reader, and there is no such thing as a correct reading of a poem. The interpretation of the following poetry starts out discussing sleep; though, with evidence, this reading will prove to reveal a more substantial meaning that heavily relates to the life of the poet in question. John Keats enjoyed toying with many styles of poetry; for instance, in To Sleep he uses the form of the sonnet (Behrens Len 530).†¦show more content†¦In addition, Keats insinuates death using the same words that potentially reveal sleep. For instance, visiting the words, â€Å"enshaded† and â€Å"embowered† again, shows how the darkness that may once have been thought to describe the safety of a blanket or even the dark of the night to help sleep is now another tool to help decipher the clues of death. Shown in line three, Keats writes, â€Å"Our gloom-pleased eyes, embowered from the light† the use of the word â€Å"light† may be representative as life. This may then translate as the speaker saying how he wishes to extinguish the light that is his life with the embowered darkness of death (Behrens Len 530). These images may (potentially) confuse the reader unless there is an understanding of Keats life at the time of this poem. John Keats did not live a long life, only surviving from 1795 – 1821, his original goal in life involved working in the medical field (Motion 76). After some exposure to literature, he soon abandoned his medical passions and shifted his focus onto writing poetry (Motion 328). In fact, he became an apprentice for an apothecary-surgeon in 1811, passed all of his medical exams in 1816 and decided one day that the medical field was just not for him (Motion 47-48). Keats new goal involved surpassing his predecessors in poetry. His trueShow MoreRelatedNursing Paper: Gerontological and Geriatric Nursing1702 Words   |  7 Pagesher spouse or family member. Nurses roles to an elderly palliative client are as follows: Relief client from physical symptoms Providing quality of life-care for an elderly patient Family support Assisting the client to achieve good death or dying well Reducing client isolation, fear or anxiety Relief of social isolation Relief metal anguish Maintaining independent patient Improve quality of life for a client until death Communication support Providing essential information to a clientRead MoreSuicide Soliloquy in Hamlet Essay1210 Words   |  5 PagesShakespeare uses metaphors to express Hamlet’s view of life, death, and the afterlife. Hamlet first introduces the idea of suicide as a way to end the sufferings of life: â€Å"and by a sleep to say we end/ The heartache and the thousand natural shocks/ That flesh is heir to† (III. i. 69-71). Here, Shakespeare uses the word sleep to refer to death and the heartaches and shocks as the struggles of life. There is also a peace in sleeping that Hamlet wants to obtain in death. By using these metaphors, ShakespeareRead MoreTheme Of Indoctrination In Brave New World1029 Words   |  5 PagesBrave New World, is a great example of indoctrination; it demonstrates the effects of conditioning in the process of dehumanization and the influence of a higher power on society. This becomes apparent through essential factors, such as conditioning, sleep teaching/hypnopaedia a nd the use of soma throughout the novel. To begin, it is clearly expressed in the novel, that Brave New World’s society has been told and instructed how their happiness should be perceived. This conception becomes distinct whenRead MoreThanatopsis by William Cullen Bryant Essay1222 Words   |  5 Pages almost be looked forward to. He then goes on to show how one should really feel when dying. Thanatopsis tells about how when one dies the grave becomes an endless world, how the deceased become one with the earth, the trees, and everything that is great within the earth, and how when one dies they do not die alone. Throughout the poem Bryant creates images which connect death and sleep. In fact, once the reader gets halfway through the poem they discover that Bryant usesRead MoreHamlet, By William Shakespeare996 Words   |  4 Pagesputting it to an end. As the soliloquy advances, Shakespeare uses metaphors to express Hamlet’s view of life, death, and the afterlife: â€Å"To die, to sleep—No more—and by sleep to saw we end The heartache and the thousand natural shocks That flesh is heir to† (III.i.61-64). Here, Shakespeare uses the word sleep to refer to death. He explains that dying is a sleep that ends all the heartache and shock, referring to the struggles of life that is thrown our way. By using these metaphors, Shakespeare shows usRead MoreJohn Donne s Sonnet About Death1189 Words   |  5 PagesJohn Donne’s sonnet about death focuses on the popular opinion (then and now) of death and the process of dying. To Donne, death, a necessary passage to eternity, is pleasant and better than sleep, and many people give death more power and honor than he deserves. Because of its pleasure, Donne theorizes that death releases all pain and grief and is associated with only positive emotions. On the other hand, a rock song released in 2012 called ‘The Fighter’ written by The Fray discusses the fear andRead MoreSleep On It ! Scientific American1010 Words   |  5 PagesAnnika Young Article #2 Stickgold R. 2015. Sleep On It! Scientific American 314:52-57. Questions: 1) How does lack of sleep affect organs in the body? 2) What are prions and why do they cause deterioration in the brain? 3) If familial insomnia is caused by inherited prions, what gene codes for them? 4) Do non-traditional sleep habits (taking several naps instead of sleeping all at once) have the same affect as lack of sleep? 5) Does sleep have some affect on chronic illnesses such as theirRead More Comparing Death in Do not go gentle into that good night and Death Be Not Proud931 Words   |  4 Pageskill me(lines 3-4). This passage shows Donnes belief that people will always overcome death. In Thomas poem, he writes Good men, the last wave by, crying how bright / Their frail deeds might have danced in the green bay, / Rage, rage against the dying of the light (7-9). Even the good men are in the end defeated by death according to Thomas. The tone of both of these poems is one of resentment towards death, although in dissimilar ways. In Death Be Not Proud Donne hates death because itRead More Hamlet Essay1107 Words   |  5 Pagestherefore sending him to Heaven if he were to be slain. In addition to his proposal of vengeance, he also contemplates whether it is better to stay alive or commit suicide. If he were to sleep, he feels that all his troubles would vanish, and this would not be such a bad thing. However, he says that if he were to sleep, he might have disturbing dreams while in slumber which would be wholly undesirable. Hamlet knows that what he wishes to do to his uncle is sinful and wrong, but it is this train of thoughtRead MoreThe Moral Issue Of Euthanasia1212 Words   |  5 Pages1. For this assignment I chose the moral issue of Euthanasia. The case study is about a 20 year old woman dying of ovarian cancer and decides to be euthanized. I feel that this case was extremely relevant, especially with the rise of trend in today’s society. Euthanasia is currently a very popular thing that is continuing to grow in other states as congress decides whether or not to make it legal or refuse to pass it and keep it as illegal. I feel that by looking at this case study I hope to

Aspects Of Ell Education And Student Achievement - 1463 Words

There are many aspects of ELL education to be explored. In order to effectively inform policy on ELL education, one must consider what affects student achievement, how to keep education adequate and equitable with the inclusion of ELLs, and how ELL education affects funding of schools. These topical areas of research, while not exhaustive, are helpful in framing the larger topic of this paper: if varying numbers of ELLs affect the state mechanism for funding ELL education. ELL Education and Student Achievement One of the first questions one must consider when dealing with ELL acquisition is what differences affect student achievement. In ELL education, there is a great amount of variation within the different approaches to teaching†¦show more content†¦Other aspects of program implementation were not significant to ELL students but affected non-ELL students’ scores. Overall, they found that states placing more of an emphasis on bilingual education had ELLs scoring higher in reading tests. While their study is helpful in understanding how state emphasis on ELL education makes a difference, one shortcoming of their study is that while they do have a limited categorical model for how they determined state emphasis it only surveys eight states in their analysis. Furthermore, while they survey the historical development of ELL programs nationally, it fails to explain why some states place more emphasis (through more tailored programs) on ELL education. This last failing demonstrates the need for a study demonstrating the link between ELLs and policy. Adequacy and Equity of ELL Education ELL education is important when considering the adequacy and equity of education for ELLs and non-ELLs alike. Ramirez et al. studied the adequacy and equity of funding ELLs in Colorado through categorical funding in the English Language Proficiency Act (ELPA) and determined the effect of ELL enrollment in conjunction with the ELPA program on school districts. He found that in Colorado, ELPA does not

Civil Disobedience, by Henry David Thoreau Essay - 1178 Words

â€Å"Civil Disobedience† by Henry David Thoreau was a means of educating people on why they should not settle for a less than perfect government. Thoreau’s work is a reminder that it is our duty to throw off an unsatisfactory government, as stated by Thomas Jefferson in the â€Å"Declaration of Independence.† Civil Disobedience touches on the subject of why people choose to do nothing about a government they are unhappy with. People fear the consequences they might suffer if they do interfere with the current government. Thoreau stated people cannot spare the protection of the existing government, and they dread the consequences to their property and families of disobedience to it (Thoreau 681). Therefore, most people would not try to†¦show more content†¦Refusing to pay taxes would be considered mostly harmless, however, they are others whose efforts to improve the government have gone drastically overboard and they cause harm to others. Some comm it federal crimes against the government, such as a bombing. Since some means are violent and destructive, some may think Thoreau’s ideas cause more harm than good. Because Thoreau’s ideas conspire against the government, some would think his ideas would cause anarchy and/or chaos. Bei Dao’s poem â€Å"The Answer† was considered to be defiant towards the Chinese government during the 1960s and 1970s. In the poem, Dao states that If a thousand challengers lie beneath your feet, Count me as number one thousand and one. (Dao)† Basically Dao is saying he was tired of seeing people being held back by a corrupt government. It was his hope that by writing about it, people would realize what was happening and stand up for themselves. Dao’s work gave many people hope that they could change the government, and that is exactly what happened. People protested against the government in the Tiananmen Square movements in 1979 and 1989. Consequently, the government changed the way in which it treated its people. There is plenty of evidence showing that a corrupt government is ruling society today. Politicians are often charged with some sort of financial crime. In addition, a large number of political leaders have lied to everyone about their actions while inShow MoreRelatedCivil Disobedience By Henry David Thoreau975 Words   |  4 Pages Henry David Thoreau was a very influential writer in the 1800s and still is today. Thoreau was one of America’s â€Å"greats† when it came to early American literature. Henry David Thoreau wrote one of the most influential essays entitled Civil Disobedience. This essay was Thoreau’s political statement, it outlined his views on non violent resistance. Civil Disobedience was written during the Mexican War. The Mexican War was a conflict between Mexico and America that was caused by a dispute over theRead MoreCivil Disobedience By Henry David Thoreau888 Words   |  4 Pageswhether or not Civil Disobedience is an appropriate weapon in a democracy, one must understand what Civil Disobedience is and how it was developed. The definition of civil disobedience is simple: the refusal to obey laws as a way of forcing the government to do or change something. The man who developed the undertones of Civil Disobedience was Henry David Thoreau. Several key figures looked to his famous paper, The Duty of Civil Disobedience, for inspiration. In a Democracy, Civil Disobedience is not anRead MoreHenry David Thoreau And Civil Disobedience1455 Words   |  6 PagesHenry David Thoreau was an American philosopher known for his interest in politics; specifically raising awareness about the injustice committed by the American government. He’s the author of prominent works like Civil Disobedience and Slavery in Massachusetts, which set the setting for the United States at the time. Both of these works follow a common theme of perseverance through difficult ti mes and the role of the self when choosing right from wrong. Thus, he was deeply engaged in the idea ofRead MoreCivil Disobedience By Henry David Thoreau969 Words   |  4 Pages Transcendentalism is an idea that expresses the individuality of a person and his differing beliefs from the current societal opinions. This idea had a few articles written about it such as â€Å"Civil Disobedience† by Henry David Thoreau which in summary states that if you don’t agree with the society’s opinion, you should form your own and fight for it. Another writing about it is â€Å"Self Reliance† by Ralph Waldo Emerson which also basically states that you should follow your heart and not conform toRead MoreHenry David Thoreau : Civil Disobedience933 Words   |  4 Pagesa quote from Henry David Thoreau from his well-known book called Civil Disobedience (Baym, Levine ,2012). His famous book was written after he was jailed for a night for refusing to pay a tax. However, the following day his relatives paid the tax without his knowledge and this inspired his book Civil Disobedience. Though Henry David Thoreau is also known for being a poet, practical philosopher and his two-year project at Walden pond near Concord, Massachusetts (â€Å"Henry David Thoreau,† 2014). His projectRead MoreCivil Disobedience by Henry David Thoreau1260 Words   |  6 PagesCivil Disobedience was written by Henry David Thoreau. The Letter From A Birmingham Jail was written by Martin Luther King Jr. They both had similarities and differences. There were injustices that were done wrong to each of them by others in the society in which they both lived. The injustices and civil disobedience they incurred should never happen to anyone. Henry David Thoreau spoke in an emotional tone in his essay â€Å"Civil Disobedience.† The emotional part of his essay of Civil DisobedienceRead MoreCivil Disobedience, By Henry David Thoreau1650 Words   |  7 Pagesweakness? In his 1849 essay â€Å"Civil Disobedience,† American writer Henry David Thoreau explained he had refused to pay his poll tax to the U.S. government for six years because he opposed the U.S. engaged in war with Mexico. This kind of â€Å"civil disobedience,† Thoreau (1849) said, is crucial because â€Å"a minority is powerless while it conforms to the majority; it is not even a minority then†. In fact, he said, â€Å"It costs me less in every sense to incur the penalty of disobedience to the State than it wouldRead MoreCivil Disobedience By Henry David Thoreau1384 Words   |  6 Pagesis also known as civil disobedience. Civil disobedience is the most efficient form of protest in a society. In all societies both modern day and past, there has been some sort of government. In history many of these governments have abused their power and have become too powerful. In these cases it was the right of the people to protest. All past societies have agreed the less power a government has the better. In an essay Civil Disobedience, written by Henry David Thoreau the text states â€Å"ThatRead MoreCivil Disobedience: Henry David Thoreau771 Words   |  4 PagesHenry David Thoreau (1817-1862) was a philosopher and writer who is well known for his criticism of the American government during the time. During Thoreau’s life, there were two major issues being debated in the United States: slavery and the Mexican-American War. Both issues greatly influenced his essay, as he actually practiced civil disobedience in his own life by refusing to pay taxes in protest of the Mexican War. He states that the government should be based on conscience and that citizensRead MoreHenry David Thoreau s Civil Disobedience933 Words   |  4 PagesIn Henry David Thoreau’s Civil Disobedience, he is writing to the American people. He is trying to spark a desire for change, for people to oppose their government without actions. He uses this work to criticize the American institution of slavery as well as the Mexican-American War. Thoreau is attempting to convey the importance of listening to one’s conscience over the laws, believing that it is more important to do what they feel is right rather than listen to the laws given by the majority. Thoreau

Bed, White Walls, All Surfaces Are Padded - 1528 Words

Patient 133 White bed, white walls, all surfaces are padded. I am patient 133 of the Genevieve Oaks Asylum for the Insane. I sit up. I can hear the rain coming down outside. First the pitter patter of small drops hitting the ground, but soon the pouring of water from the roof splashes down, as the intensity of the rain increases. Through the dark I can see my cellmate staring at me with a blank expression. His name is Amon and I’ve known him all my life, even before I was a patient in this asylum. He’s unusually tall, thin, with black hair and very quiet. He is my only friend in this world and my only friend in this dreary asylum. The night comes quickly here, the days are a blur and soon it’s dark. Now the moon has taken the†¦show more content†¦During free time we’re permitted to walk freely in an open room. The doctors often come by during this time to ask questions. Questions about how we’re doing, our mental conditions, etc. They ob serve and analyse us as if we’re lab specimens. With plastic smiles and false friendliness, they talk at us. I never was quite convinced of the genuineness of their smiles. It s always bothered me how stiff and fake it looks, never faltering for an instant, but failing to make you feel any more comfortable. Beyond their facade they conceal something much more sinister, but I can see through them, I know how they really are. For a while I’ve noticed a patient has been missing, the nurses tell me he s sick, Amon tells me they re lying. As the days go by, I notice more patients are missing. At night I wake to the strange sounds more and more, each time feeling the paralysing fear grip me, unable to move from my bed. I know we must leave this place. Those who come back There are those who come back after they go missing, but they are not the same. The patient across from me is not there, his cell is empty. A moment ago the doctors took him away, kicking and screaming. He flailed his torso around and screamed unintelligible words, but it was no use. He could not escape the straightjacket that bound his arms or the guards that urged him forward. This patient had become increasingly violent and aggressive, so the doctors had to do

Questionnaire KAYE FINAL Free Essays

Your answers will be tabulated with those of others to determine information needs, usage patterns, content requirements, format preferences, and overall quality. Thank you for your time and assistance. Directions: Please read this page before filling in your questionnaire. We will write a custom essay sample on Questionnaire KAYE FINAL or any similar topic only for you Order Now Take the time to fill in the questionnaire carefully and thoroughly. Allow sufficient time before your appointment for completion. Answer every question possible. Answer questions as honestly as possible. Encircle or mark all possible answers which apply to you. I. Target Situation Analysis Tasks, Skills and Activities of Nurses 1 . Which of the following best describes your practice role? (select all that apply) Case manager Clinical nurse specialist Nurse manager/ administrator Nurse navigator Nurse practitioner Nursing instructor/ educator Research nurse Staff nurse Other (Specify) Other (please specify) 2. What are the tasks that you usually do as a nurse? 3. What are the activities that you usually do which need your skills? 4. What language skills and genres do you usually utilize? . Discourse Analysis Descriptions of the language used by Nurses 1 . What are the demands of the Standardized Language in your field? 2. What are the goals Of utilizing Standardized Language for Nursing? 3. What are the genres and the terms used by nurses? Ill. Present Situation Analysis Capacities of Nurses 1 . According to you, what does it take to make a good nursing leader? Select all appropriate choices. A. Good interpersonal skills b. Good personality c. Better knowledge and skills d. Ability to handle all the members e. Good nature f. Ability to bring the best out of all members . How to cite Questionnaire KAYE FINAL, Papers

Light Rail Network Design

Question: Discuss about the Light Rail Network Design. Answer: Introduction The report is based on designing of a light rail network for Sydney, Australia. The light rail network is from CBD to South East Light Rail. The light rail network gives a unique transport services to people of Sydney. This network will play a significant role in the future transport of Sydney. It has the capability to give reliable as well as sustainable mode of public transport to people of Australia by reducing the citys reliance on the buses (Ney and Gray 2014). The benefits of light rail are that it provides a solution to the traffic congestion as well as pollution. With the introduction of the light rail network will make the travel in as well as out of downtown much more efficient. The purpose of this report is to provide conceptual and preliminary system design of light rail network. It gives the detailed design and development of the network in Sydney, Australia. This design achieves implementation of the minimal operable system is more concern than consideration of the future maximal operable system. Details design and development is done to identify the issues in the stage of preliminary design and resolves those issues and problems in the conceptual design of the network. Recommendations are given to suggest possible techniques so that there must be some development in the light rail network. Conceptual System Design The conceptual system design is analyzed as the expansion of the logical design of the light rail system. It includes the technologies that are applicable for achieving the systems functional requirements. Light Rail System Design Station/platform design: The stations of the light rail have platforms for fast as well as safer passenger boarding. The platforms are designed for level boarding must be 14 inches above the top of rail (Currie and Delbosc 2013). The stations should have equipments and facilities such as shelter, benches, surveillance cameras and information kiosk. Traction electric power infrastructure: Electric power is an advantage of the light rail operations, producing benefits in performance and environmental effects (Vermote et al. 2014). In order to provide power to the light rail, it requires a system infrastructure in the form of traction electrification system, which supplies direct current power to the trains. Signalization system: It is required for efficient as well as safer train operation. It gives understanding of how the system functions in the railway setting. The key elements of the signalization are radio, electric signals and induction by which the train used to communicate with the fixed system (Jin, Teo and Odoni 2015). The light rail system includes of automatic block signals and detection system for the crossing gates at the road crossings. The features of the signalization are cab signals, automatic control of speed and train operation, automatic train stop. Communication System: The secured communication system consists of hard wired and wireless network. The functions of the communication system are radio communication that facilitates communication among the central control, workers of maintenance, security personnel and supervisors (Spiryagin et al. 2014). The public address system helps to keep the passengers informed of special situations. CCTV surveillance system observes the stations and other areas to ensure the security of the passengers and rail network. Automated fare collection system handle the data flow of the transactions (Mulley et al. 2015). The most important is the automatic vehicle location with GPS based system that tracks the locations of the train. Operational Requirements The function of the light rail system is different from bus operations. The light rail system provides its own guideway as well as control of the design of its facilities. The operational requirements consists of peak hour capacity of the light rail line is 24 hours per hour (Mulley, Tsai and Ma 2015).There are multi-line operations so more passengers are carried out in the train. Track layout and configuration The rail system consists of double tracking as the optimal operational environments. The double tracks permit a bidirectional lines in order to operate along the same segment of the track (Currie and Burke 2013). The bi-directional double tracks as well as allows maximum operational flexibility as well as capability to operate at a shorter headways and faster speeds. Storage and maintenance facility A storage as well as maintenance of rolling stock is required. The trains must be stored when they are not in use. Equipments are required for maintaining as well as repairing the trains (MacNeill, Kirkpatrick and Bocchieri 2015). Inside the maintenance structure, there are specialized equipments, pits for inspections to access the trains and storage parts for the train. Signal Priority Algorithm The signal priority system is complex. Simple systems are relied on operator intervention reduces the amount of on-vehicle technology that are required. The red truncations as well as green extension are associated with an active signal priority implementation. The primary difference between the existing preemption system as well as the priority system as it is proposed (Currie and Reynolds 2016). The priority system allows the traffic signals in order to maintain coordination with the adjacent signals while provides preferential treatment for the transit vehicles. Figure 1: Signal Priority Algorithm (Source: Currie and Reynolds 2016, pp-41) Preliminary System Design Preliminary Design Requirement The preliminary design consists of the initial design as well as technical analysis of the system. It consists of transit network integration, traffic impacts, environmental protection, corridor alignment and system design (Olesen and Lassen 2013). From the light rail system analysis, it is found that the network requires improvements in their light rail service. This improvement will increase the speed, improve over on-time performance and minimize the waiting time of customers (Dittmar and Ohland 2012). The improvements will deal with the existing system disputes linked to single-track segments, inadequate signal prioritization, and layout of track and design of roadway that slow down the services. Key components of the light rail network Components Functions Modern vehicles It should carry around 200 passengers. It has low floors with easy access to the wheelchairs. The rail should be of 30 or 40 m long. Track The light rail runs on the steel track. Electrically powered The light rail vehicles are powered from the overhead wires. The vehicles are of emission free (Cruz, Marques and Pereira 2014). Ticketing System The electronic ticketing system should be accessed by using Opal Card. Service Turn up and go service for every two to three minutes in the peak times. There should be real time information at all the stops with showing route as well as stop locations (Bradley 2013). Others Due to the light rail network, it reduces congestion at CBD. Integrated electronic ticketing is available at the outlets as well as on-board (Currie and Reynolds 2016). The stop of the light rail maximizes the accessibility with various doors that are available to alight at the stop. Table 1: Key components of light rail network Functional analysis of the light rail network There are four stages of Sydneys light rail future as follows: Integration of service and improvements: The light rail network is integrated into existing MyZone ticketing system. Opal card should be introduced, and integrated electronic ticketing system is also introduced on the light rail so that it makes the travel easier for the travelers (Wilson 2014). Modernize the existing network: Modern light rail fleet is introduced in order to improve the commuter experience with real time information as well as update of timetables. There should be a construction of 5.6 km inner East light rail extension in order to CBD to South East (Ney and Gray 2014). Delivery of new CBD and southeast service: The CBD bus network is integrated into light rail. The completion of the light rail should connect circular Quay, CBD and southeast. Longer-term investigations: Feasibility investigations of the light rail are done for addition of corridors (Mulley and Tsai 2016) Light rail schemes should be investigated and growth of the light rail network with demand as well as integrated with new urban development. Detail Design and Development Detailed network design requirements The light rail network in CBD will be the next step to make necessary changes in order to transform Sydney. It will unlock the streets, open to the capacity of CBD and then creates livable as well as globally competitive city (Currie and Burke 2013). The Transit Oriented Development (TOD) plans and designs the new starts projects of the light rail network. In order to construct a light rail network, at first the land use factors should be evaluated such as following transit supportive corridor policies, supportive zoning towards the transit stations, land use policies and growth management policies (Currie and Reynolds 2016). Secondly, detailed station plans help to leverage development potential of the TOD. A detailed design planning consists of detailed assessment of the area up to 0.25 to 0.50 mi around each of the stations results into land use plan map of future use of land, description of zoning, urban design plan (Mulley and Tsai 2016). Integration of the Light Rail Transit (LRT) system elements The light rail transit system has the following basic elements such as: Infrastructure: It composed of track ways, storage yards, and stations with associated structures such as tunnels as well as bridges. Rolling stock: It comprises of one or more fleet of the railcars that can carry the passengers along with the track ways. Those cars are designed so that it can assemble into short trains. A curve radius of 25 meters is minimum for new LRT lines as well as longer radii are preferable at permission (Olesen and Lassen 2013). With a maximum gradient of 5 percent is considered as a desirable design. Fixed equipment: It consists of operational as well as a maintenance centre, electric power supply, communications facilities as well as signals. The electric power supply consists of power substations that receive high voltage electrical power and converts into direct current (Wilson 2014). It also includes distribution system that delivers the converted power from substations into individual LRT. Figure 2: Size of the rolling stock of light rail transit (Source: Wilson 2014, pp-7) Design review, evaluation and feedback Light rail network has embedded into the culture of safety of the passengers and reliability of service. National Passenger Survey is done to provide a network-wide picture of the satisfaction level of the customers with rail travel (Currie and Delbosc 2013). From the evaluation and design review of the LRT system, the possible system approaches are considered such as potential requirements for the power accommodation, communication equipment, and safe maintenance access; train dispatching, security system and integration with rolling stock. The consultation groups as well as other stakeholders are planning a workshop so that they can review the conceptual and preliminary design of the LRT network (Mulley et al. 2015). Some design principles are identified such as protection of cultural resources, providing safe facility, maximization to natural environment, applying sustainable design and promotion of smart growth. Conclusion It is concluded that the light rail network will bring to the city as well as people those are living today as well as future. The light rail network will save money as well as time. It reduces the emissions of the greenhouse gases as well as air pollutants. The light rail is the best solution to the long-term transportation challenges the city is facing. The emerging new technologies of light rail shares heavy rail track as well as infrastructure present an opportunity to reduce the cost. It is identified that the functional requirements of the light rail network is that LRT system provides fast as well as reliable transit services. It also provides sufficient capacity. The maintenance and storage section consists of interior cleaning and dispatching of train, which is handled at the baseline station. Recommendations Inspection of the rail equipments: All the required equipments required for the light rail network such as electric power supply, communication and signal system should be investigated properly before using it for the rail design. Evaluation and feedback: The LRT system should be evaluated based on its operations and the feedbacks of the customers are taken so that it helps them to make further improvement in the network. Integration of rail network services: The network should be improved and made it easier and comfortable so that the customers can travel and make their journey safely. References Bradley, C., 2013. Light rail vehicles: design for maintenance and service operation. InAusRAIL PLUS 2013, Driving the Costs out of Rail, 26-28 November 2013, Canberra, ACT, Australia. Cruz, C.O., Marques, R.C. and Pereira, I., 2014. Alternative contractual arrangements for Urban light rail systems: Lessons from two case studies.Journal of Construction Engineering and Management,141(3), p.05014017. Currie, G. and Burke, M., 2013, October. Light rail in Australiaperformance and prospects. InAustralasian Transport Research Forum, Brisbane, Australia. Currie, G. and Delbosc, A., 2013. Exploring comparative ridership drivers of bus rapid transit and light rail transit routes.Journal of Public Transportation,16(2), p.3. Currie, G. and Reynolds, J., 2016. Evaluating Pay-on-Entry Versus Proof-of-Payment Ticketing in Light Rail Transit.Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, (2540), pp.39-45. Dittmar, H. and Ohland, G. eds., 2012.The new transit town: best practices in transit-oriented development. Island Press. Jin, J.G., Teo, K.M. and Odoni, A.R., 2015. Optimizing bus bridging services in response to disruptions of urban transit rail networks.Transportation Science. MacNeill, R., Kirkpatrick, S. and Bocchieri, R., 2015.Development of a Prototype Retrofit Bumper for Improved Light Rail Vehicle (LRV) Safety(No. Transit IDEA Project 77). Mulley, C. and Tsai, C.H.P., 2016. When and how much does new transport infrastructure add to property values? Evidence from the bus rapid transit system in Sydney, Australia.Transport Policy. Mulley, C., Ma, L., Clifton, G.T. and Tanner, M., 2015, September. Are network planning guidelines based on equal access equitable?. InAustralasian Transport Research Forum (ATRF), 37th, 2015, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Mulley, C., Tsai, C.H.P. and Ma, L., 2015, September. Does residential property price benefit from light rail in Sydney?. InAustralasian Transport Research Forum (ATRF), 37th, 2015, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Ney, S.M. and Gray, D., 2014. Western Sydney Light Rail-connecting the people of Western Sydney to the future.CORE 2014: Rail Transport For A Vital Economy, p.111. Olesen, M. and Lassen, C., 2013. Attractive Mobile Corridors-The Power of Light Rail Infrastructures. In4th Pan-american Mobilities Network Conference. Spiryagin, M., Cole, C., Sun, Y.Q., McClanachan, M., Spiryagin, V. and McSweeney, T., 2014.Design and simulation of rail vehicles. CRC Press. Vermote, L., Macharis, C., Hollevoet, J. and Putman, K., 2014. Participatory evaluation of regional light rail scenarios: A Flemish case on sustainable mobility and land-use.Environmental Science Policy,37, pp.101-120. 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Nestle Change free essay sample

Nestle is a multinational packaged food and beverage company founded and headquartered in Vesey, Switzerland. Nestle Company is the worlds first company to make infant cereal. Henri Nestle is the chemist who starts to do research on baby food in year 1867. His products soon became known worldwide after introducing a baby drink, which is his new product. In 1905, Nestle Company merged with Angle-Swiss Condensed Milk Company and after that Nestle Company produced milk chocolate.Nestle has a wide range of products across a number of markets including coffee, bottled water, other beverages, chocolate, ice cream, infant foods, performance and healthcare nutrition, seasonings, frozen and refrigerated foods, confectionery and pet food. Because of its variety production, now Nestle becomes of the largest food companies in the world, marketing over 8500 brands and 30,000 products. Nestle has almost 500 factories around the world and employs more than 200,000 employees worldwide. Nestle operates in nearly 100 countries across 5 continents and the brand is trusted and confident for its customers to consume. We will write a custom essay sample on Nestle Change or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Under the leadership of Peter Brabeck- Letmathe, Nestle went through second-order change. According the National Academy for Academic leadership â€Å"Second-order change is deciding – or being forced – to do something significantly or fundamentally different from what we have done before. The process is irreversible: once you begin, it is impossible to return to the way you were doing before. Second- order, discontinuous change is transformational, radical, and fundamentally alters the organization at its core. Second- order change entails not only developing but transforming the nature of the organization.Below I have listed a few examples of this second order change: †¢ Nestle only sold through sales agents to countries outside of its home market. †¢ Its launch into the American market was initiated when the First World War increased demand for dairy products. Nestle took this opportunity to establish its presence in the United States by acquiring several existing factories. †¢ In 1974 Nestle diversified for the first time out-side the food industry in order to promote growth.Change may mean adding on to, and integrating, rather than removing and replacing current practices. What this reminds the managers of change is that they need to assess how carrying out a change will impact upon current practices and the extent to which a change will create ripple effects on practices and routines that they need to retain. So instead of removing the technological policy of the firm, they can try to improve it. Nestle can also downsize their firm. Downsizing is the intentional process of permanently reducing staff numbers in an organization.Since they are unnecessarily big and invested every single sector, they can sell some of their industries and focus on most profitable ones. There are three examples of lessons from the front line that are evident in the Nestle case. They are: †¢ There is a dramatic pace of change in Nestle. This has to be slowed down. †¢ There is high risk in its investments; the firm has to hedge its risks. †¢ There is a wrong policy in technology. Care needs to be taken in assuming that types of organizational changes can be neatly categorized as small, adaptive, and incremental compared to those that are large and transformational.